Step By Step to Stand-Up Comedy Chapter One

The Secrets of Joke Structure

Interestingly enough, people usually recognize a joke whether it makes them laugh or not. Why? Because there is some consistent, intrinsic structure that everyone identifies as a joke. Until now, no one has presented this structure in an understandable manner–but that just changed. Explaining joke structure to you is exactly what this chapter is all about.

-Setup and punch
-What a joke does: Expectation and Surprise
-How a joke works: 1st Story and 2nd Story
-The three mechanisms of joke structure
-Target assumption and reinterpretation: Two Interpretations of One Thing
-Jokes with setups
-Jokes without setups
-Jokes with punches
-Jokes without punches
-Connector: one thing interpreted in two ways

SAMPLE

Secret #1: A joke requires two story lines.

The setup of a joke creates a 1st story in our minds that leads us to expect something; then thepunch surprises us with a 2nd story that’s compatible with, yet different from, what we’re expecting. For example, imagine a male comic, appearing to be completely grief-stricken, telling this joke:

(SADLY) “My wife just ran off with my best friend. Boy, do I miss him.”

The 1st story leads us to assume that the speaker is unhappy because he misses his wife. We expect the story to expand on that theme, so we’re surprised when the 2nd story reveals that he’s unhappy because he misses his buddy.